Essay about The Death Penalty - 1700 Words

The death penalty is a very controversial subject. I think that we should use the death penalty instead of placing murderers, rapists, and people who commit treason in prison or letting them out on parol. People that commit the most heinous of crimes should receive the most heinous of consequences. Isnt that just the most fair way to deal with those offenders of the law? From 1930, the first year of which statistics are readily available from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, to 1967, 3,859 people were executed under civil jurisdiction in the United States. During this period of nearly half a century, over half (54%) of those executed were blacks, 45 percent were white, and the remaining one percent were members of other†¦show more content†¦If true, then we must wonder why whites represent 56% of those executed, and blacks 38% when blacks have committed 47% of all murders, and whites 38%. Whites are executed at rates nearly 50% above their involvement in murder, blacks are executed at rates 20% below their involvement in murder. From 1991-94, 34% of murderers have been white, 54% black. Could it be that we just hate white murderers more? Or that we only care about white capital murder victims? Or should we conclude that the system focuses its benevolence toward black murderers, but its racism against black victims? How crazy. Such perverse conclusions, by opponents, are expected and serve only to further undermine their quickly eroding credibility. Successful capital prosecutions have nothing to do with the race of the victim or of the defendant and everything to do with the nature of the crimes. The most thorough evaluation of this subject was presented in McCleskey vs. Georgia wherein Federal District Judge, Owen Forester, accurately found that the best models which Baldus was able to devise...produce no statically significant evidence that race plays a part in either. Should we balance the scales of justice and execute equally the killer of blacks and whites? Only if you wish to increase the number of black murderers executed. 93% of all black murder victims are murdered by blacks. The overwhelming majority of black on black murders haveShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Justified1143 Words   |  5 PagesAllison Shu 2/25/16 Period 2 Objective paper on the death penalty Capital punishment is legally authorized killing as punishment for a crime. The death penalty questions the morality of killing a person as justification for their crime. It also brings to question whether the death penalty actually serves as a deterrent for crime, and that some of the people executed are found innocent afterwards. The debates over the constitutionality of the death penalty and whether capital punishment should be usedRead MoreThe Death Penalty For Juveniles946 Words   |  4 Pages The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crimeRead MorePro Death Penalty Speech1482 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduce myself before we get started. My name is Slick Perry and if you didn’t already know, I am the state governor of Texas. You are all aware that we are reviewing our recidivism rate to various crimes and reviewing our stance regarding the death penalty as we approach 2009. Everyone here understands that capital punishment is a very controversial topic in the United States. In Texas, from December 1982 through August 2008, only 361 criminals of the millions of Texans in our good state were executedRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Mandatory?925 Words   |  4 Pagesopinions on the subject. When we were discussing the death penalty although my opinion didn’t change, after hearing what some of my classmates had to say about the subject during our lab I was able to respectfully see why they had those thoughts and feelings about the subject. I believe that we should have the death penalty, and that it helps prevents more crime from happening. However, during our lab students that thought we should ban the death penalty had some pretty interesting reasons behind theirRead MoreThe Truth About The Death Penalty973 Words   |  4 Pages In her article â€Å"The Truth About The Death Penalty†, Carina Kolodny argues that the death penalty should be abolished in all fifty states due to the fact that it is ineffective and very expensive. Kolodny believes that capital punishment has too many complications and variables that cause it be more of an issue than a real solution for capital offenses. She proposes that the death penalty should be dropped and exchanged for better programs such as Proposition 34, which replaces capital punishmentRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1805 Words   |  8 Pagesthat we all know is the death penalty. This penalty has been going around for years. To many people it might be the best way of punishing a person. On the other hand there are people who think that if you kill a person you should be sentenced to die as well. For me I would say it might not be the best way and it not working as many would like it. When choosing if you are for the death penalty you have to okay with an insect person dyeing or even a family member being in death row. I know that is somethingRead MoreThe Death Penalty : An Effective Reliable Tool904 Words   |  4 Pagesthe death penalty has been a frequent topic of discussion, as our recent technological advancements have evidently led individuals to consider the â€Å"new found† legitimacy of our court systems, as statistics display that our previous racial bias and the apparent morality of the practice itself have a miniscule impact on our conviction rate. Both the advancements and ethics that the death penalty provides become apparent through the utilization of anecdotes and statistics, as the death penalty has prevailedRead MoreThe Bible and Death Penalty Essay example812 Words   |  4 Pagesa person’s view of the Bible influence what they think about the death penalty for murderers.† I would like to see if a person’s view of the bible influence what they think of the death penalty. This is interesting to me because I am interested in the field of criminal justice and the death penalty is a huge topic to this day. There are many journals that talk about studies that were done on religion and views of the death penalty which have to do with my topic of interest. My hypothesis is thatRead More The Death Penalty Is Archaic and Immoral Essays559 Words   |  3 Pages The death penalty is simply a modernized version of the Holy Bible’s â€Å"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot†. Some argue that death is a necessary retribution for murderous cases - but is it effective morally? Revenge only glorifies violence, which is most definitely not the message the world strives to display. The death penalty is a negative form of punishment and insinuates a harsh reflection of society economically, politically, and socially. Read MoreEssay on Death Penalty - Herrera vs Collins1337 Words   |  6 PagesDeath Penalty - Herrera vs Collins The Supreme Court addressed the constitutionality of executing someone who claimed actual innocence in Herrera v. Collins (506 U.S. 390 (1993)). Although the Court left open the possibility that the Constitution bars the execution of someone who conclusively demonstrates that he or she is actually innocent, the Court noted that such cases would be very rare. The Court held that, in the absence of other constitutional violations, new evidence of innocence is no

America s Involvement Of The Vietnam War - 1008 Words

â€Å"Why? Why was America involved in such brutal war to stop a brand new country from forming? Shouldn t we support that because that s what happened to us.† That was my very first question when my grandfather first told me about the most brutal and longest wars America has ever been in, the Vietnam War. America’s involvement in the conflict was to stop the evil and corrupt system of Communism. French forces were dead meat unless America teamed up with them. Unfortunately, this didn t stop the nonmoral army under Ho Chi Minh. The United Sates did not win the Vietnam War due to strong motivation, Guerrilla warfare, and the political factors in the United States. First off when America fought in the war they were foreigners. Hardly any of them knew anything about Vietnam, the landscape of it or even how to speak the language itself. They were fighting on a landscape that they were not trained for, also, the intense heat and humidity that they were not used to made it mu ch harder. America was over-confident and planning to stay there for only a few years, not 20. To make it even worse for Americans, they had very easy access to Heroine and about 20% of the people who fought in the war took it as relief from a very stressful war. So with all of that, America was not determined to win the war. On the other end, Vietnam was not going to give up even in such a savage war. In their culture, they fought until the last man died, just as they have done before the Vietnam War. TheyShow MoreRelatedWas America s Involvement Of The Vietnam War Justified?2172 Words   |  9 Pages Was America s Involvement of the Vietnam War Justified? Maddie Bove Mrs. Cronin Honors Modern World History: Period 1 25 April 2016 According to a survey of published by CNN of 2,108 American in May 2014, about 41% of the population believe that the United States has no authority to intervene in other countries internal conflicts. On the other hand, the rest of Americans deem foreign policy issues, such as imperializing, military intervention, and evangelizing, to be necessaryRead MoreWhy Did The Tet Offensive Affect America s Societal Opinion On The Involvement Of The Vietnam War1739 Words   |  7 PagesIn january, 1968 the Tet Offensive of the Vietnam war was launched. The Tet Offensive was a carefully planned military campaign composed of surprise attacks on the republic of Vietnam by the communist parties of North and South Vietnam during the vietnamese holiday, Tet. The Tet offensive, militarily was a massive defeat for the communist parties of Vietnam, however it led to mass disillusionment within the U.S., diminishing public support for the war, inevitably forcing a withdrawal of U.S. troopsRead More Australia in the Vietnam War Essay692 Words   |  3 Pagescountry, was when Japan bombed Darwin and sunk a number of ships in Sydney, during World War 2. The question then has to be asked, why Australia has been involved in so many conflicts. A number of recent conflicts in this century come to mind, they include, The Boer War, World War One, World War Two and The Vietnam War. By far the conflict that drew the most outrage from Australian citizens was the Vietnam War. Australia has been drawn into these conflicts through a number of treaties and alliancesRead MoreThe Vietnam War Was A Brutal Conflict1666 Words   |  7 Pages The Vietnam War was a brutal internal conflict between North and South Vietnam over the North s attempt to spread communism. Taking place between 1961 and 1975, it became America s second longest war. This battle destroyed countless villages, farmlands, forests, and neighboring countries of Vietnam. It took the lives of about two million Vietnamese soldiers and civilians, and over fifty-eight thousand American soldiers. In an effort to cease the spread of communism, many American troops wereRead MoreThe Vietnam War and Its Effects on Society During the 1960s1594 Words   |  7 Pages1960s were a time of radical change in the society of America. A sense of liberalism could be felt though out the counting during the middle of the decade. The infamous Vietnam War and the new alternative culture were pushing the United States towards a time of liberalism and a nationwide rebellion against the social norms. The first combat forces were sent to Da Nang in 1965, by a formally anti war President, Lyndon B Johnson. The question of why the United States was engaging in a war betweenRead MoreRichard Nixon s Political Career And General American Government864 Words   |  4 Pagesbirthplace of a significant man to the United States of America. The city of Yorba Linda contains the birthplace of the thirty-seventh president, the first president born in California. Richard Millhouse Nixon was born January 9, 1913 he who would eventually contribute to politics throughout his career. Nixon to most people takes recognition for his negative contributions specifically as a participant of the Watergate scandal. These involvements tend to overlook his entire political career that existsRead More The Vietnam War1466 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Vietnam War. This civil war was between the Communist North and the Democratic South because of the fear of communism spreading to the South. Other Western countries also helped in this war because they too were afraid of communism spreadi ng, and so they sent money and troops to aid South Vietnam. Some of these countries included America, Australia, and New Zealand. This war was one of the most divisive events in history and I am going to talk about why this is so. For most of Vietnam?s historyRead MoreVietnam War Paper1273 Words   |  6 PagesThe Vietnam War escalated from a Vietnamese civil war into a limited international conflict, in which the United States was deeply involved. The Vietnam War was fought in South Vietnam between government forces aided by the United States and guerilla forces aided by the North Vietnamese. Despite increased American military involvement and signed peace agreements in 1973, the Vietnam War did not end until North Vietnams successful invasion of South Vietnam in 1975. The Vietnam War may have beenRead MoreThe Vietnam War And The Cold War1494 Words   |  6 Pages When examining the Vietnam War you must first understand the involvement of the events surrounding the Cold War. The ‘Vietnam War’ as it is known is a product of the cold war era, by this I mean that events in the Cold War led to the US’s involvement and creation of issues causing the conflict. â€Å"The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict that pitted the communist regime of North Vietnam and its southern allies, known as the Viet Cong, against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the UnitedRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1475 Words   |  6 Pageson one such event, the Vietnam War, came from entertainment-based programs and the play Miss Saigon. Despite heavy coverage in such well-known comedic films as Forrest Gump and Good Morning Vietnam, the true events were anything but a laugh for those involved. In spite of the relative recentness of the events in Vietnam, many of today’s youths know little about the topic. The events in Vietnam rais e the ever-present question on the ethics of third party involvement in a war otherwise unrelated to

English, the Official Language in the U. S. Free Essays

The researcher stated that English is now the official language in the United States. There are documents that discuss the importance of an official language in America, which supports this statement. In this research there are further details about English as the Official Language in the U. We will write a custom essay sample on English, the Official Language in the U. S. or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. and how language can unite people in society, it can be universal as a language, and it also shows that it has the tendency be a challenge, for other cultures to learn as a second language. There should be a way for everyone to co-exist and to function as one nation under God in America. Language is the substance for people to communicate with one another and to co-exist freely. It can be quite difficult to communicate with people from other cultures that do not speak the English language, but the founding fathers set an example to blend English speakers with non-English speakers casually. In the Oxford Handbook on Language and Law by Peter Tiersma, stated, the founding fathers were almost all native speakers of English (Tiersma, P. ) European Languages in Early America (pg. 6). But, at that time, they had not yet deemed English as the official language in the United States. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) comments on prior period efforts on English-only laws that reduced the privileges of non-English speakers, which usually made existence intricate for huge groups of non-English speaking populations. One example cited in Dade County, Florida, where, after a 1980 English-only law was passed, Spanish signs on public transportation were removed. Mount, S. (2010). There were many native speakers from many different countries, who came to the U. S. , and even though most of the founding fathers were native speakers of English, during the early American times, there was no need to consider English as the official language. During this day and age, the government, corporate world, media, and the entertaining industry use English as the customary language for communication. This does not exclude other cultures from using their native languages, but if the y want to communicate with society, they may need to learn English as a second language that they may be able to cope. According to research the U. S. English tongue is a nationalized, independent, non-profit populace assembly, whose assignment is to safeguard the role of the English verbal communication in the United States and erect it to be the representative dialect of the administration, consequently encouraging immigrants to study English (U. S. English). There was a large number of immigrates that came to this country within a ten year span, who spoke the Spanish language and millions came from Asia and Central America. There have been several attempts to make English the official language, although none of the bills were passed in Congress. Recipients of Official English policies, as they are limited and to the point, dispute that English have been the prevailing speech for the superior element of this century and ought to be made the official language in array to make things easier for government processes. In other language contact research, Bond et al. (2006) demonstrated the influence of Russian on Latvian vowels, and Guion (2003) the interaction of Quichua and Spanish on the vowels of bilinguals. In some research on vowels, Bullock and her social group discovered that French spoken in Frenchville, PA, most of the vowels reviewed proved a continuous course of action of meeting through the English vowel structure (Bullock, Dalola, Gerfen, 2006; Bullock Gerfen, 2004a, 2004b, 2005. Also see Hualde, 2004 for a response to Bullock Gerfen). Sometimes it may be a challenge for other cultures to learn English as a second language. Recently English became the official language in the United States. Twenty-seven states have enacted laws proclaiming English their official language,† (Macmillan, C. Michael, Tatalovich, Raymond), American Review of Canadian Studies, 02722011, Summer2003, Vol. 33, Issue 2. For other states such as California and Georgia, Official English statutes that are more restrictive, i. e. , mandating that all state employees conduct official business solely in English as well as doing away with bilingual state forms is being considered (Torres 1996. ) Englis h-only proposers like U. S. English oppose that English-only laws commonly have exceptions for community safety and health requirements. They note that the English-only laws aid the government in saving money by allowing publication of certified papers in one language, saving money by not having to translate and on printing costs, and that English-only laws support the education of the English language by non-English speakers. One example is of Canada, who has two official languages, which is English and French. The government of Canadian has addressed this issue, documenting in 1996 – 1997; there was a sum of 260 million Canadian dollars that was spent on bilingual services. According to U. S. English, the so named states currently have authorized language laws in their books: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming. A few of them date back as many as a few decades, i. e. , Louisiana (1811) and Nebraska (1920), though most official verbal communication statutes were approved since the 1970’s. The most recent attempts to endorse English as the administrative language has become more of the immigration from Spanish-speakers and people from the East (such as China and Vietnam) has brought an flood of foreigners to the U. S. According to the 1990 Census, 13. 8 percent of U. S. people speak some language other than the English language at home. There is a 2. 9 percent, or 6. 7 million of the people that did not speak any English what so ever, or they just could not speak it all that well. The ACLU, who is affiliated with and are in a group has opposed to establishing a nationwide authorized tongue, published a paper about reasons that such a shift ought to be challenged. It starts by acknowledging the exertion by John Adams, in the year of 1780, to institute an administrative academy that would be devoted to English, a move that was cast off at that time as undemocratic. The ACLU notes prior attempts on the English-only laws that limited the rights of non-English communicators or which in general made life complicated for a large group of non-English talking populations. This example is cited in Dade County, Florida, in a place that after a 1980 law was passed for English-only, Spanish signs on public transportation were removed Mount, S. (2010). It is the belief of the ACLU that the law for English-only has the ability to violate the protection of the U. S. Constitution of its due process (more so in courts where the service for translation would not be offered) also equality in protection (for example, where the English-only ballots would be utilized instead of the bilingual ones, when they were made available in the past). In conclusion, it has been determined that English is the official language of the United States. English has been valuable for the government to make it easier to communicate the processes to the people. The research shows that making English the official language has been very beneficial to the government. It helped the government by the English-only laws that did aid the government in saving money by allowing publication of certified documents in one tongue. It saved money by not having to translate and it saved money on the printing costs. Also, the English-only laws support the education of the English language by non-English speakers who in turn finance education through learning English. Though in the early American days, it was a challenge to pass the law to make English the official language, it stood the test of time and has proven to be the language that America would choose to be its representative as the language for the United States. All may not agree that it is necessary for English to be the official language in the U. S. because of the great numbers of non-English speakers that has immigrated here. Nevertheless, it has been decided, that America has an official language that will aid the government in many ways, and English has been established to do America that honor in aiding the government and the communities. References American Psychological Association (http://www. apa. org/) Czubaj, C. (1995). English as a second language–are educators doing a disservice to students? Education, 116(1), 109. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Greenhouse, L. (1996). Supreme Court to Review Law Making State Employees Speak English. New York Times News Service. Available: http://www. latino. com/news/0325sup. html Hellegaard, J. (1996). Official-English Laws Boost Discrimination, Says UF Law Professor. Macmillan, C. , Tatalovich, R. (2003). Judicial Activism vs. Restraint: The Role of the Highest Courts if Official Language Policy in Canada and the United States. American Review of Canadian Studies, 33(2), 239. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Major, R.. (2010). First language attrition in foreign accent perception. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 14(2), 163-183,275. Retrieved March 7, 2011, from Research Library. (Document ID: 2072928711). Mount, S. (2010). Constitutional topic: due process. Retrieved February 23, 2011 from http://www. usconstitution. net/consttop_duep. html â€Å"The Constitution of the United States,† Article 1, Section 8, Clause 5. â€Å"The Constitution of the United States,† Amendment 5. http://www. us-english. org/ How to cite English, the Official Language in the U. S., Essays

Emerson Transaction Hub A Bright Idea That’s Paying Off

Question: 1. Briefly describe the business processes supported by a Supply Chain Management (SCM) information system. In a global business like Emerson what are the advantages and disadvantages of using a SCM information system? With Emersons many divisions using different suppliers, what would be the benefits of using a single SCM information system for all of its divisions?. 2. Global companies like Emerson have suppliers, manufacturing, distribution, and retail operations. List and briefly describe the technologies and devices (used for input, output, and communication) that are used with SCM information systems. Choose two different input devices and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each. Discuss the benefits that they provide to the business.. 3. Consider that you have to implement a new SCM information system for Emerson. Describe each of the different implementation options. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different implementation options. Make a recommendation and justify.. 4. Modern SCM information systems and with the use of other technologies have supported businesses in improving environmental sustainability by reducing carbon emissions. Research and find an example. Briefly describe the system and how it works and how carbon emissions where reduced. Discuss what decision making is performed and how does the SCM information system contribute to the decision making. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages to the business. Answer: 1) Supply Chain Management supports various business processes like that of stock administration, request administration, logistics, acquirement, determining and additionally arranging, and that of return administration. This is useful for the organizations working in the current business environment to attain to and also keep up focused edge by upgrading their streamline and additionally encouraging all operations. A firm may expand cost adequacy, upgrade profit, and furnish them with expanded capabilities in the most aggressive business environment. With the quick advancement in information technology (IT) and information system integration (ISI) and its part in incorporated store network administration have been able to be basic to different specialists and officials. ISI addresses the level of cooperation in practices of data framework between the capacities of business inside a firm and between a firm and its accomplices for exchanging. It has been accounted for that the presentation and utilization of ISI for inventory network administration update the associations' advancement and intensity (Jitpaiboon, 2005). While various firms focus on achieving a lot of IT use, without high measures of ISI, parts of store network administration may not achieve the full preferences of working inside an inventory network. As indicated by the connection of various leveled production network, the data innovation grants "various relationship to work together with the exercises of the association that encourage to truly manage a production ne twork". For current business firms like that of the Emerson, production network administration may end up being tremendously valuable from multiple points of view. It furnishes the business with favorable element inside the commercial center that aides in moderating the dangers identified with the procuring of crude materials and also convey of items or administrations. With fruitful execution of production network administration framework, the firm may diminish waste, delivery defers, and even overhead expenses enormously. A portion of the points of interest of inventory network administration upon the business firm may be enrolled as: quality affirmation where the firm may enhance its operation by method for powerful quality systems; stock cradles where the store network administration framework incorporate the level of the stock cradle with consideration examination of past patterns. Frequently the idea of variability inside client using requests for administration of inventories in way w hich minimizes beginning holding expense amid producing sufficient adaptability to fulfill customer requests. An alternate point of interest the framework may render is danger alleviation. The framework helps in arranging dangers and evaluating the potential for different disappointments whether inner or outer. Without such a framework, this specified firm may experience the ill effects of legitimate dangers and liabilities(Kart, Moser and Melliar-Smith, 2010). Execution of such a supply chain management system framework bears a few disadvantages too. The most concerning negative mark is that of the substantial venture of fund, assets, and time that are obliged to execute and additionally keep up the framework. The choice of outsourcing of an item or administration decreases the cost of business of a firm by method for supply chain management system; however it can bring about customer recoil. It is insufficient just to consider cost and in addition quality, however a firm needs to verify that each members of the organization participates for profiting the firm. 2) To stay competitive globally it is very important to incorporate the latest technologies in the supply chain management. This is because there is high increase in the demand of the customers and also their expectation about the service and quality. Thus the managers of supply chain management have realized that the technologies ensure better visibility and accountability. The latest technology helps the organization to keep a track of production, anticipate and repair the mistakes and make changes for providing the best quality product. Through the utilization of latest technologies, the manager can monitor and automate the notification system of the supply chain. Technologies like electronic invoice, computerized tracking and shipping are also the key technological components of supply chain system that for keep the satisfaction level of the customers high (Vella, 2012). Also the smart phones and related apps are adding value to the supply chain management system. For excellent warehousing operations the managers of supply chain can use the barcode scanning, speech recognition features, keyboard capabilities, smart phones and tablet computers. All these technologies are making the supply chain process more convenient, flexible and mobile which is helping the managers to coordinate the process with each supply chain links, regardless of the location they are in. Then the cloud computing are enhancing the tracking process of products and materials by providing a real-time status and also by increasing the inventory levels and production schedules (Djelloul, Estampe and Lamouri, 2012). The two most important inputs that can be used for effective supply chain management are (Nair, Raju and S P, n.d.): EDI( Electronic Data Interchange) for communicating among the branches Bar-Coding and Scanners system in the logistic systems The EDI (Electronic data Interchange) can be used by the firms like Emerson, to facilitate exchange of information and transactions. It can be termed as an automatic process that helps to exchange structured data via computers. EDI has various advantages like that it provides information timely with efficient and accurate data about the sales, it can be used for sending invoices, lading bills, dispatch confirmation and also details of shipping and various other information that can be used to for organization. This system makes the overall process more quick, makes the customer service better, reduces paper work, improves expediting and tracing and also increases productivity. Through this technology, the partners of supply chain can overcome exaggeration and distortion in the demand and supply information through real time status. However, utilizing this technology might sometimes create issues for supply chain management system. There is a need of regular updates for the EDI system s. The systems should be provided with electronic protection or else there might be issues of fraud, hacking and virus. Firms like Emerson need to also invest in the backup systems ad there is chance of failure of systems (Ryan, 2013). Similarly, Bar Code Scanners are also useful form checking and tracking the codes. This scanner can widely be used to track and identify the goods at every stage of the process. Through this technology, the suppliers can identify the goods received and also the stocks. The bar-code can also be used for store location and dispatch the stock recorded. This increases the speed of the supply chain operations. However, there exist some disadvantages of using this technology. The supply chain partners might face issues if the bar codes are vandalized and there is chance of system failure which might delay the process. Any kind of crumpled and scratched barcodes also causes issues (Basker, 2012). 3) For effective operation of the business, there is a need of effective supply chain management process. There are various options to make the supply chain process of the organizations like Emerson. These include (Toolkit.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au, n.d.): Logistic management which can be applied to coordinate with various stages of supply chain like risk management, scheduling, planning, disposal and recycling, wastage, goods handling, warehousing and storage, facility location and transportation. Some of the issues of this option include determining the tracking value and also tracking the routing and warranty status. Inventory management: In this stage the organization can avoid excess stock of storage, distribution and production and also reduce the cost of stock. This process helps to make the demand of customers available efficiently. Inaccuracy is one of the most common problems of inventory, also the capacity issues equate the issues of inventory are some of the issues of inventory management. Total Quality Management: This is effort that the organization can put in to make continuous improvement in the process of supply chain. There are two major issues that can lead to issues one is the lack of knowledge about the system and also their business experience and another is the shortage of human and financial resource. Strategic Outsourcing: This helps to decrease the supply chain cost and also manage negative results like unreliability and quality. Challenges like optimization of various product lines, keeping pace with the fast followers and also reducing the international delivery cost are faced by the supply chain partners. Partnerships for Supply Chain: This formed among two different firms for increasing the stability level and also encouraging the commitment towards reaching the goals. This option involves choosing the right partners and also recognizing the opportunities. However, choosing with right partners is one of the main issue because there are lot of partners in the market whose expertise are to make the supply chain process more effective and efficient. Utilizing latest technology: This can be implemented to make the process of supply chain more accurate and effective. Here analytic systems and resource planning systems should be utilized to progress the efficiency and helps the decision makers to make effective decisions. Implementation of latest technologies or upgrading the system incurs huge cost. Thus, it is a costly option. Customer Service: Some of the factors that has to be taken care of for maintain the best customer service are delivery time, product suitability, supply quantity, pricing and after sales service. One of the issues with this option is the changing demands of the customers. The best recommended option is to utilize a flexible approach to design, develop and implement the solutions of supply chain problems. This flexible approach includes the strategic analysis, specification and implementation. The special agenda to implement the supply chain process is carry out individual project teams and categorize the team in to designing, re-engineering and reinforcing processes (Zigiaris, 2000). This would help to keep the system updated and also make the strategic, operational, and tactical decisions effectively. 4) There is an increase in the rising concerns for the environment by both customers and also firms. The organizations are focusing on innovative model that helps the suppliers to invest in the saving the environment which would help to sustain in the competitive market. For example Tesco, that aims at linking the line of products with the efforts of sustainability directly and promotes healthy environment relationship. This helps the organization to enhance the community. The main aim of Tesco is to run a zero-carbon emission business by the year 2050. They have decided to reduce the impact by emphasizing on two methods one is tackling the changing climate and other is the utilizing the scare resources correctly. They have fixed two targets (Carbontrust.com, 2013): To divide the emission per square foot from distribution centres and stores by 2020. To decrease the distribution emission per delivered goods by 25% within 2020. They have decided to achieve these targets by decreasing the refrigerant gases leakage, using natural refrigeration, improving the efficiency of energy of the distribution centres and stores. The step Tesco had decided is to conduct analysis of carbon hotspots which would help to identify the overall carbon footprints, through which they would decide which stages of lifecycle and product categories have the highest intensity of carbon emission. Further Tesco have decided to accelerate their work by involving the stakeholders and improve their business. In the year 2007, Tesco also established the first green distribution centre in Livingston, which permitted natural light in the buildings. Tesco has also installed the rotating solar panels which help to track the sun light and increase the solar energy captured (Tesco plc, 2015). These changes have ensured towards reduction of carbon emission from the worldwide distribution of Tesco by 4.7%. They were able to decrease the emission in UK by 10% and also had transformed its fleet into 50:50 biodiesel. By utilizing the Manchester Ship Canal they were able to reduce the emission by 80% compared to its present transportation methods. The trains of Tesco had saved around 6,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide within a year. By raising the utilization of double deck trailers, Tesco has saved around 1.9million every year (Igd.com, 2008). However, the Tesco might face issues in building sustainability and awareness among the technical managers and also the buyers. Another challenge that Tesco can face is defining and identifying the carbon hotspots because this requires a deep technical knowledge which would help to examine the effectiveness of reducing the carbon emission. Third challenge is the motivation and engaging the suppliers to emphasize on reducing the carbon emission and make proper measure aligning with the objective of the business (Pe-international.com, 2011). REFERENCES Basker, E. (2012). Raising the barcode scanner. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Carbontrust.com, (2013). Tesco case study - Carbon Trust. Djelloul, S., Estampe, D. and Lamouri, S. (2012). Real-time information management in supply chain modelling tools. IJSOI, 7(4), p.294. Igd.com, (2008). Tesco - Reducing carbon emissions in distribution. Jitpaiboon, T. (2005). The Roles of Information Systems Integration in the Supply Chain Integration Context - Firm Perspective. Kart, F., Moser, L. and Melliar-Smith, P. (2010). 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